Working principle of the automotive
The working principle of automotive electronic water pump can be divided into two aspects: electronic control and water pump structure. In terms of electronic control, the automotive electronic water pump controls the water pump through the onboard electronic control unit VCU. VCU will control the start, stop, and speed of the water pump according to the working status, temperature, and load of the motor and controller, ensuring the cooling needs of the heat source under various working conditions. This intelligent control method enables the water pump to reduce energy consumption and extend its service life.
From the perspective of water pump structure, automotive electronic water pumps are usually composed of motors, impellers and casings. The motor is the power source of the water pump. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the impeller to rotate, sucking in coolant and pressurizing it into the cooling system. The impeller plays the role of pressurizing and circulating the coolant. Its structural design and material selection have an important influence on the performance of the water pump. The casing is the protective shell of the water pump, which plays the role of fixing and sealing, and can also reduce noise and vibration.
When the automotive electronic water pump is working, the coolant will be sucked into the water pump, and after the supercharging effect of the impeller, it will flow into the cooling channel, absorb the heat generated by the heat source, and then flow back to the water pump for the next cycle. This continuous cycle process can effectively remove the heat.
An electronic water pump is a water pump with an electronic control unit. The magnet and impeller of the brushless DC water pump are injection molded into one to form the rotor of the motor. There is a directly injection-molded sleeve in the middle of the rotor, which is fixed in the housing through a high-performance shaft. The stator and circuit board of the motor are encapsulated in the pump body with epoxy resin glue. There is a waterproof chamber between the stator and the rotor, and there is no need for a traditional mechanical shaft seal, so the stator part is completely sealed. The torque of the motor generates a magnetic field after the coil on the silicon steel sheet (stator) is energized, driving the permanent magnet (rotor) to work.
